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Waxes. Epicuticular waxes on the adaxial surface of the 'wax plant' Hoya carnosa

These waxes are very delicate and damage can easily occur during conventional processing for SEM.
Hoya has a cutinised / suberised cuticle some 10 –15um in thickness (between arrows) with a delicate array of waxes on the outer surface. These are easily demonstrated using low temperature SEM.